February saw the publication of one of the latest studies from internet benchmarking company Ookla. Their popular Speedtest.net broadband and mobile connection testing service looked at the performance of Starlink’s LEO satellite broadband service, covering locations across Europe.  

The good news is that out of all the countries tested, the UK delivers the best latency. The bad news is that download and upload speeds are poor here in the UK. 

A quick low down on Starlink Satellite Broadband

Here’s some quick-look facts to get you up to speed with Starlink and their low earth orbit satellite broadband service:

• Starlink consists of almost 7000 LEO satellites
• Around 2,800 of these are v2 Mini / GEN 2A satellites
• They orbit earth at an altitude between 500 and 600 km
• By the end of 2027 they plan to have added thousands more to their constellation
• UK customers typically pay £75+ per month for 30 days, plus £299 for hardware and £19 for postage (this is on the Standard unlimited data plan)
• This package promises Latency times of 25-60ms, downloads of 25-100 Mbps and uploads of 5-10 Mbps 
• At the end of last year, Starlink had a global customer network of 4.6 million people (which had risen by 2.3 million from 2023). At the end of 2024, 87,000 of those customers were based in the UK (which had more than doubled from 2023 at 42,000). The majority of these UK customers can be found in rural areas. 

As can sometimes be expected from newer technologies, the changeable nature of rising customer demand and ability to launch new satellites to keep pace with that demand has meant that Starlink has seen a slight decline in performance here in the UK. 

This performance dip is also affected by differences in access to data capacity at local ground stations as well as regulatory access to the necessary radio spectrum bands which can vary from country to country. 

How does Starlink performance compare across the UK and Europe?

This latest report from Ookla has taken data collected during the last quarter of 2024 and enables us to take a closer look into how Starlink is performing, providing a useful overview across the UK and Europe. You can read the report here. 

The Good

The UK was top of the performance table when it came to latency, delivering the fastest server response times across Europe at 41ms. The slowest was Cyprus, with 144ms. 

When it comes to latency, Starlink has continued to improve in general. Between the last quarter of 2023 and the last quarter  in 2024, data showed a consistent trend of declining median latency across more than a dozen European countries. The UK, for example, saw a drop of 9ms (50ms down to 41ms) with similar improvements being seen in other countries. 

The Not-So-Good

The UK could be found in the bottom half of the performance table for average median download speeds and upload speeds (87.06 Mbps and 12.78 Mbps respectively).

The fastest Starlink downloads were in Hungary and fastest uploads in Romania. 

The Ookla report looking at data from Q4 2022 to Q4 2023 also stated that some of the steepest speed declines were seen in Central European countries when it came to median download speeds. Speeds fell by 31% in Germany (from 94.37Mbps to 65.44Mbps) closely followed by a 24% dip in Switzerland (going from 136.03Mbps to 103.88Mbps). 

But it’s not all bad news!

It would seem, from the data seen in the final quarter of 2024, that there signs of successive speed declines starting to stabilise. Early indications suggest a potential recovery when it comes to download and upload speeds. 

We’ll be interested to see whether this supposed trend continues to hold over the next few quarters to quarters, given the tendency for variability. 

Starlink’s performance set to improve

The broadband and wireless network community expect Starlink performance to continue to improve, with the up-coming SpaceX Starship rocket. This will give them the ability to launch significantly higher numbers of satellites, including the next generation V3 GEN3 bigger satellites that will be able to handle 1Tbps of capacity. This in turn will help them meet the rising customer demand. 

Watch this space. 

With thanks to Ookla for the graph images and Starlink for the main blog image.